int(int(x,y^4..16),y=0..2);

yields the output $\int_0^2\int_{y^4}^{16} x(x) dx dy$.

I can't final an equivalent to Mathematica's Flatten for sets. I know Maple has ListTools:-Flatten for lists.   

For example, given set r:={a,{b,c},d,{e,f,{g,h}}}; How to convert it to  {a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h}; 

does one have to convert each set and all the inner sets to lists, then apply ListTools:-Flatten to the result? How to map convert(z,list) for all levels?

     map(z->convert(z,list),r);

does not work, since it only maps at top level, giving {[a], [d], [b, c], [e, f, {g, h}]}

So doing

   ListTools:-Flatten(convert(map(z->convert(z,list),r),list));

Gives [a, d, b, c, e, f, {g, h}] 

In attempting to store procedures in a table to create an extensible module, I used the following procedure to test whether a procedure could be queried from the table and executed.

proc() print("Metric is default") end proc;

The result was proc () print("Metric is default") end proc

I have checked the statement with mint in the code editor, but it reports no errors. I get the same result when I use an eval statement around the procedure.  I would be very interested in understanding what is wrong with the procedure as defined.

I can't figure out why this pattern is failing

restart;
r:= y=3;
patmatch(r,y=z::integer,'la');
patmatch(r,identical(y)=z::integer,'la');
patmatch(r,y::anything=z::anything,'la');

What Am I doing wrong?

Last week, in the first of a series of three articles, I demonstrated the new color syntax highlighting in the command line (TTY) interface of Maple 2018.1. This week, we'll look at a new facility for manipulating the command line history, the history meta-commands.

For the series of screen shots in this article, assume that the .maple_history file in your home directory initially contains the following:

    p1 := plot(sin,color="DeepPink"):
    p2 := plot(cos,color="DodgerBlue"):
    plots[display](p1,p2);

Now we'll start cmaple and execute a series of commands:

    |\^/|     Maple 2018.1 (X86 64 LINUX)
._|\|   |/|_. Copyright (c) Maplesoft, a division of Waterloo Maple Inc. 2018
 \  MAPLE  /  All rights reserved. Maple is a trademark of
 <____ ____>  Waterloo Maple Inc.
      |       Type ? for help.
> y := 1/(x^4+1);
                                     1
                              y := ------
                                    4
                                   x  + 1

> int(y,x);
     1/2           1/2             1/2           1/2
1/4 2    arctan(x 2    + 1) + 1/4 2    arctan(x 2    - 1)

                    2      1/2
            1/2    x  + x 2    + 1
     + 1/8 2    ln(---------------)
                    2      1/2
                   x  - x 2    + 1

> diff(%,x);
          1                       1              1/2
--------------------- + --------------------- + 2
       1/2     2               1/2     2
2 ((x 2    + 1)  + 1)   2 ((x 2    - 1)  + 1)

    /         1/2        2      1/2              1/2 \
    |  2 x + 2         (x  + x 2    + 1) (2 x - 2   )|
    |--------------- - ------------------------------|
    | 2      1/2               2      1/2     2      |
    \x  - x 2    + 1         (x  - x 2    + 1)       /

      2      1/2        /      2      1/2
    (x  - x 2    + 1)  /  (8 (x  + x 2    + 1))
                      /

> simplify(%);
memory used=5.2MB, alloc=41.3MB, time=0.11
                                 4
                                x  + 1
                 -------------------------------------
                   2      1/2     2     1/2    2     2
                 (x  + x 2    + 1)  (x 2    - x  - 1)

> normal(%,expanded);
                                   1
                                 ------
                                  4
                                 x  + 1

There are two parts to the history:

1. Session history consists of the commands you've entered in the current session.
2. Command history consists of all commands from previous sessions, together with the session history (up to a maxium specified by interface(historysize), which is 1000 lines by default).

History meta-commands all begin with two exclamation marks at the beginning of the line. The !!= meta-command lists the session history:

> !!=
<< y := 1/(x^4+1);
<< int(y,x);
<< diff(%,x);
<< simplify(%);
<< normal(%,expanded);

Notice that each displayed line of the history is preceeded by << to differentiate it from Maple input and other Maple output. Each meta-command also has a long form. The long form for !!= is !!list:

> !!list
<< y := 1/(x^4+1);
<< int(y,x);
<< diff(%,x);
<< simplify(%);
<< normal(%,expanded);

Most meta-commands can take an argument specifying the amount of history to be affected. For example, a numeric argument refers to the last lines of the command history. Here, !!=8 includes the 3 lines from the previous history, as well as the 5 lines of session history:

> !!=8
<< p1 := plot(sin,color="DeepPink"):
<< p2 := plot(cos,color="DodgerBlue"):
<< plots[display](p1,p2);
<< y := 1/(x^4+1);
<< int(y,x);
<< diff(%,x);
<< simplify(%);
<< normal(%,expanded);

An argument beginning with a forward slash ("/") refers to all history lines beginning with the most recent one that contains the text entered after the slash (if the text to be searched for does not begin with a space or a digit, the slash can be omitted):

> !!=/diff
<< diff(%,x);
<< simplify(%);
<< normal(%,expanded);

We'll quit Maple and start a new session to illustrate another aspect of the history meta-commands.

> quit
memory used=6.4MB, alloc=41.3MB, time=0.14

In the new session, the meta-command !!=/x^4 will list everyting from the previous session starting from the most recent matching line:

    |\^/|     Maple 2018.1 (X86 64 LINUX)
._|\|   |/|_. Copyright (c) Maplesoft, a division of Waterloo Maple Inc. 2018
 \  MAPLE  /  All rights reserved. Maple is a trademark of
 <____ ____>  Waterloo Maple Inc.
      |       Type ? for help.
> !!=/x^4
<< y := 1/(x^4+1);
<< int(y,x);
<< diff(%,x);
<< simplify(%);
<< normal(%,expanded);

If a !!= meta-command with a numeric or search argument is executed as the first command in a fresh session, not only is the specified amount of command history listed, but that part of the history is then considered to be session history. Executing just !!= with no argument shows that this is the case:

> !!=
<< y := 1/(x^4+1);
<< int(y,x);
<< diff(%,x);
<< simplify(%);
<< normal(%,expanded);

The !!! meta-command (long form !!play) re-executes the entire session history:

> !!!
>> y := 1/(x^4+1);
                                     1
                              y := ------
                                    4
                                   x  + 1

>> int(y,x);
     1/2           1/2             1/2           1/2
1/4 2    arctan(x 2    + 1) + 1/4 2    arctan(x 2    - 1)

                    2      1/2
            1/2    x  + x 2    + 1
     + 1/8 2    ln(---------------)
                    2      1/2
                   x  - x 2    + 1

>> diff(%,x);
          1                       1              1/2
--------------------- + --------------------- + 2
       1/2     2               1/2     2
2 ((x 2    + 1)  + 1)   2 ((x 2    - 1)  + 1)

    /         1/2        2      1/2              1/2 \
    |  2 x + 2         (x  + x 2    + 1) (2 x - 2   )|
    |--------------- - ------------------------------|
    | 2      1/2               2      1/2     2      |
    \x  - x 2    + 1         (x  - x 2    + 1)       /

      2      1/2        /      2      1/2
    (x  - x 2    + 1)  /  (8 (x  + x 2    + 1))
                      /

>> simplify(%);
memory used=5.2MB, alloc=41.3MB, time=0.10
                                 4
                                x  + 1
                 -------------------------------------
                   2      1/2     2     1/2    2     2
                 (x  + x 2    + 1)  (x 2    - x  - 1)

>> normal(%,expanded);
                                   1
                                 ------
                                  4
                                 x  + 1

Notice that each command is displayed with a >> prompt. This prompt is used whenever a command in the history is being played back.

History commands can be played back one step at a time using the !!. (or !!step) meta-command. Each command is displayed with the >> prompt, and you are given the opportunity to edit it before pressing Enter to execute it. Here, we've changed the exponent of from 4 to 3 before pressing Enter, and then pressed Enter four more times to re-execute the remaining commands:

> !!.
>> y := 1/(x^3+1);
                                     1
                              y := ------
                                    3
                                   x  + 1

>> int(y,x);
                                                                  1/2
                          2                 1/2        (2 x - 1) 3
  1/3 ln(x + 1) - 1/6 ln(x  - x + 1) + 1/3 3    arctan(--------------)
                                                             3

>> diff(%,x);
                1          2 x - 1               2
            --------- - -------------- + ------------------
            3 (x + 1)       2              /         2    \
                        6 (x  - x + 1)     |(2 x - 1)     |
                                         3 |---------- + 1|
                                           \    3         /

>> simplify(%);
                                   1
                          --------------------
                                    2
                          (x + 1) (x  - x + 1)

>> normal(%,expanded);
                                   1
                                 ------
                                  3
                                 x  + 1

When editing a command prefixed with the >> prompt, the command is edited in-place in the history. In other words, the history is permanently modified. History meta-commands are not played back (or infinite loops could result), and lines containing only comments are displayed but not offered for editing.

Still in the same session, let's use !!. with a search pattern to generate and display the plots from the older history, pressing Enter after each command:

> !!./p1 :=
>> p1 := plot(sin,color="DeepPink"):
>> p2 := plot(cos,color="DodgerBlue"):
>> plots[display](p1,p2);

                                                                        
                                    |                                   
 -*\    /*-*                      1-+*     *-*\                     /*- 
   \   //  \\                    // |\\   /   \                     /   
    \  /    \\                   /  | \  //    \                   /    
    \ /      *                  *   |  * *     \\                  /    
     **      ||                 |   |  |*       *                 *     
     *|       |                |    |   *       ||               ||     
     ||       ||               |    |  |*        |               |      
    |||        |              |     |  | |       |               |      
    | ||       |              |     | || |        |             ||      
    |  |       ||            || 0.5 | |  |        |             |       
   |   |        |            |      | |   |       |             |       
   |   ||       |            |      |||   |        |           ||       
   |    |       ||           |      ||    |        |           |        
  |     |        |          |       ||     |       |           |        
  |     ||       |          |       ||     |        |         ||        
  |      |       ||         |       |      |        |         |         
 ||      |        |        |        |       |       |         |         
 |       ||       |        |        |       |       ||       ||         
 +--------+-------++-------+-------++-------+--------+-------+--------+ 
  -6      |  -4    |    -2|       0||        |2      |   4   |      6|| 
          ||       |      |        ||        |       ||     ||       |  
           |       |      |       | |        |        |     |        |  
           |        |    ||       | |        ||       |     |       ||  
           |        |    |        | |         |       ||    |       |   
            |       |    |       || |         |        |   |        |   
            |        |  ||       |  |         ||       |   |        |   
            |        |  |      -0.5 |          |       ||  |       |    
             |       |  |       ||  |          |        | |        |    
             |        |||       |   |          ||       | |       ||    
             ||       ||        |   |           |       |*|       |     
              |       **       |    |           |        *        |     
              |*      |*       |    |            |      **|      *      
               \     /*\\     *     |            *\     / *      /      
               \\    /  \    //     |             \    // \\    /       
                \\  //   \   /      |             \\   /   \\  //       
                 *-*/    \*-*    -1 |              \*-*     *-*/        
                                    |                                   
                                                                        

>> !! y := 1/(x^3+1);
> _

On the last line above, we typed !! followed by a space (long form !!stop) to tell Maple to stop playing back commands and give a fresh prompt. If we now issue !!=, we see that the session history still contains only the five commands it contained originally. The played back commands were not appended to the history:

> !!=
<< y := 1/(x^3+1);
<< int(y,x);
<< diff(%,x);
<< simplify(%);
<< normal(%,expanded);

Issuing a new command at the regular > prompt adds it to the end of the session history:

> sin(Pi/2) + 1;
                                   2

> !!=
<< y := 1/(x^3+1);
<< int(y,x);
<< diff(%,x);
<< simplify(%);
<< normal(%,expanded);
<< sin(Pi/2) + 1;

The !!- (or !!drop) meta-command deletes one or more commands from the history:

> !!-
> !!=
<< y := 1/(x^3+1);
<< int(y,x);
<< diff(%,x);
<< simplify(%);
<< normal(%,expanded);
> !!-/simpl
> !!=
<< y := 1/(x^3+1);
<< int(y,x);
<< diff(%,x);

In addition to the meta-commands described above for manipulating the history within a session, there are three meta-commands to copy history to and from files:

• !!> (or !!save ) writes the session history to the specified file.
• !!< (or !!read ) replaces the session history with the contents of the specified file.
• !!+ (or !!append ) appends the contents of the specified file to the session history.

Used together, these meta-commands let you save important sessions for later examination or reuse without relying on the .maple_history file, or let you make large changes to the current session history using your favorite text editor.

The !!? (or !!help) meta-command displays a short summary of all the meta-commands:

> !!?

The sequence "!!" at the beginning of a line introduces a history meta-command.
Each has a short or long form (shown below in parentheses). The long form name
may be used instead of the single character appearing after "!!".

!!=specifier    - list session history or specified lines (list)
!!!specifier    - play back session history or specified lines (play)
!!.specifier    - step through session history or specified lines (step)
!!-specifier    - drop one or specified lines from history (drop)
!!<filename     - read file into session history (read)
!!+filename     - append file to session history (append)
!!>filename     - save session history to file (save)
!!?             - help for history meta-commands (help)
!!              - stop the single-step playback in progress (stop)

The 'specifier' is optional. If present, it can be an integer, N, referring to
the N most recent command lines, or a string beginning with a "/" character,
referring to the lines from the most recent one containing that string. The "/"
may be omitted if the search string does not begin with a space or digit.

Detailed information can be found in the ?edit_history help page.

Does Maple have a function which finds the domain of its variables such that the function is real valued?

I am only interested in a function of two variables, x and y.  I'd like to know what is the range of x and y, where f(x,y) is real valued.

For example, given f(x,y)= x * ln(y), then the domain is all of x, and for y>0.    So it is the upper half plane.  For f(x,y)=sin(x)*cos(y), then it is the whole plane (all x and all y) and so on. 

I looked at singular(), and this does part of what I want, but it only gives me the singular points. So for the above it gives y=0 and x=x, but I am looking for something a little more specific. I also looked at package called RealDomain, but I do not see how to use this for what I want to do. But I could have missed something.

I do not know what the function is beforehand, but it will always be a function of x and y, and I need an automated way to determine the range of x and y where this function is real valued. 

I can't do plots and look at them, since this is all automated and has to be done algorithmically only and non-interactive.

I could use singular, and try evaluating the function at different points and see if it produces real or complex values, but this is not practial to do and can fail.

Does Maple have support for such functionality?

I am still buffled by a Record in Maple.

I simply want to make one variable be a Record. Then make separate variable, by making a COPY of the content of the first variable, then change the second variable. Sounds easy, right?

When I do this, I find that the changes in the second variable are being made also to the first variable.

I used eval() to make a copy of all field of first variable to the second.  May be this is not the correct way, but do not know how else (other by explicit copying one field one at a time).

I looked at help, and see nothing there. It talks about making the Record packed. I tried that, but it is still not working. Not a single example in help of how to copy the "content" of one record to another.

I simply want to make a new instance of the first variable, a copy. and change the second instance without the first changing at same time. Why is this so hard in Maple?

restart;
c:=Record('a','b'):
c:-a:=0:
c:-b:=-1:

c1:=eval(c): #make a copy of c??
print("c1=",eval(c1)); #yes, made a copy

c1:-b:=99:  #change one field  in the second variable

print("c1=",eval(c1));
print("c=",eval(c)); #why did c change?

I tried using Record[packed]('a' , 'b'): since help says something about same Record sharing same memory but that make no difference.

How to make a copy of a record to another in Maple without them being the same? I know I could do this

restart;
c:=Record('a','b'):
c:-a:=0:
c:-b:=-1:

c1:=Record('a','b'):
c1:-a:=c:-a;
c1:-b:=c:-b;

c1:-b:=99:  #change one field  in the second variable

print("c1=",eval(c1));
print("c=",eval(c)); #Now it did not change.

But my actual record has many fields. and I do not want to do the above each time.

hi 

i cant comute the double integrate with infinity integral of my function and just evaluating

The calculation steps are too time consuming and will not be answered

Well I also come to think of it, disagree with calling the double factorial function the double factorial function, i would have thought bi-factorial to be better. or singular parity factorial function. 

But my interface (2016)  queries me everytime i enter "n!!" as to whether I am referring to the double factorial function or the application of the factorial twice in iteration, ie :  (n!)!

I just think this was a bad decision to make common place and the notation cabal need to review and change this. 

Hi,

I m trying to work some Maple Formulas in the Excel 2016 environnement, but i m always getting Error Mesages ( See attachments)

Thanks

I need to move a term in the denominator, inside the radical sign in the numerator.  After some struggle, I can do it for a simple expression. But once the expression gets little more complicate, the method does not work.

Given expr:=sqrt(x*y)/x;  I want to force the "x" in the denominator inside the sqrt so I can simplify things. I can do this like this

restart;
expr1  := sqrt(x*y)/x;
expr1  := simplify(expr1,symbolic);
combine(expr1,symbolic);
algsubs(y/x=u,%);

But for the following similar expression, it does not work. Given expr:=sqrt(x^2+y^2)/x, I want to change to sqrt( (x^2+y^2)/x^2) or sqrt(1+ y^2/x^2) or sqrt(1 + u^2).  So the first step is as above, to force the x in denomiantor to go inside the radical. But the same steps do not work on this now

expr1:=sqrt(x^2+y^2)/x;
expr1:=simplify(expr1,symbolic);
combine(expr1,symbolic);

I tried radsimp(expr1); simplify(expr1,radical,symbolic); radnormal, I tried adding assuming positive everywhere. Nothing is working.

I am trying to convert an expression to be   (y/x) and then replace (y/x) to u.  BUt the first step is to get the x inside the radical and I am not sure how to do it for the second example and why it is failing. It is always hard for me in Maple to figure the right method to manipulate an expression.

Any suggestions?

I need to know if an expression contain a radical in it. For example, expr:=1/x*sqrt(x*y)  or expr:=3*(x*y)^(2/3)+5; or expr := sqrt(5), etc.. all these will return true, but for expr:=3+sin(x) it will return false.

I need to find if the expression has radical, becuase then I want to do special simplify if that is the case.

I do not want to use pattern matching, since the expression can be complicated, and thought to ask if there might be a simpler way, one of those hidden Maple commands which can do it.

I looked at  "has", "hasfun". with(PolynomialIdeals) has function IsRadical but it is only for polynomials.

Is there a way other than using patmatch?  

is possible to solve these partial differential equations in maple via pdsolve?

Thanks

In an unrelated thread, I provided the OP with some 1-D code, which contained the Array definition

TC:= Array(0...1001, fill=0)

Note the existence of three '.' characters in the range specification. This was a typo on my part, or my '.' key bounced, or something. The code containing the above definition "worked" with no problem, which, presumably, was why I didn't notice.

The Maple help does state (my emphasis)

Note that more than two dots in succession are also parsed as the range (..) operator.

although I wasn't making use of this fact - I just screwed up when typing the original.

The OP preferred to use 2-D input, and used cut-and-paste to transfer the above code, resulting in 2-D input, which is where the fun started. It seems(?) that when using 2-D input, more than two dots in succession is only interpreted as a straightforward range, if the total number of dots is even.

If the total number of dots is odd, then it appears(?) as if the 'final' dot is associated with the second number in the range as a 'decimal point', (so producing .1001 in the above example). This is then 'coerced/rounded' to an integer - ie it becomes '0', and the above Array definition is interpreted as

TC:= Array(0..0, fill=0)

Consequences in the following code are left to your imagination

Worth an SCR?

Can anyone  produce these diagram?  Please Read the theory in:

   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistic_map.

Wikipedia pages that explain bifurcation diagrams and attractors in more elementary contexts.

See the bifurcation diagram in the picture

   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistic_map#/media/File:Logistic_Bifurcation_map_High_Resolution.png